Śrī Vallabhācārya (Śrī Mahāprabhu) composed the Bālabodha grantha in Vikram Samvat 1550 at Pushkar and later taught it to Narayaṇadāsa Kāyastha in Dwārkā. Narayaṇadāsa, once a troubled gambler and harsh teacher, was transformed by Śrī Mahāprabhu’s grace after a severe incident with a student. Initiated into devotion, he was advised to balance his worldly duties with spiritual practice.
The Bālabodha serves as a concise guide to various philosophies, steering devotees away from other paths and emphasizing bhajanānanda (devotional bliss) through bhagavat-sevā (service to the Lord) and bhagavat-kathā (divine narratives).
Having bowed to Hari (hariṃ), the ever-blissful (sadānandaṃ), and the essence of all philosophies (sarva-siddhānta-saṃgraham), I speak with certainty (suviniścitam) for the purpose of enlightening spiritual beginners (bāla-prabodhanārthāya).
dharmārtha-kāma-mokṣā' khyāś catvāro'rthā manīṣiṇām । jīveśvara-vicāreṇa dvividhā te hi vicāritāḥ ।। 2 ।।
धर्म-अर्थ-काम-मोक्षाः ख्याश् चत्वारोऽर्था मनीषिणाम् । जीव-ईश्वर-विचारेण द्विविधा ते हि विचारिताः ।। २ ।।
dharmārthakāmamokṣā'khyāś catvāro'rthā manīṣiṇām । jīveśvaravicāreṇa dvividhā te hi vicāritāḥ ।। 2 ।।
धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाः ख्याश् चत्वारोऽर्था मनीषिणाम् । जीवेश्वरविचारेण द्विविधा ते हि विचारिताः ।। २ ।।
The four goals of life (catvāro’rthā) for the wise (manīṣiṇām), known as dharma (righteousness), artha (prosperity), kāma (desire), and mokṣa (liberation), are indeed considered (te hi vicāritāḥ) in two ways (dvividhā): through contemplation of the individual soul (jīva) and God (īśvara).
Indeed, the divine (alaukikāḥ) realities are spoken of in the Vedas (vedoktāḥ), connected with both the means (sādhya) and the methods (sādhana-saṃyutāḥ). The worldly pursuits (laukikā) are described by the sages (ṛṣibhiḥ proktāḥ) as well, and also through the teachings of God (tathaiva īśvara-śikṣayā).
लौकिकंस्तु प्रवक्ष्यामि वेदादाद्या यतः स्थिताः । धर्मशास्त्राणि नीतिश्च कामशास्त्राणि च क्रमात् ।। ४ ।।
But I will now explain the worldly (pursuits) (laukikaṁstu pravakṣyāmi), which are established from the Vedas onwards (vedād-ādyā yataḥ sthitāḥ). The scriptures of dharma (righteousnes - dharmaśāstrāṇi), ethics (nītiśca), and the scriptures of desire (kāmaśāstrāṇi) are to be understood in that sequence (ca kramāt).
त्रिवर्गसाधकानीति न तन्निर्णय उच्यते । मोक्षे चत्वारि शास्त्राणि लौकिके परतः स्वतः ।। ५ ।।
The means (sādhakāni) for achieving the threefold aims — dharma (righteousness), artha (prosperity), and kāma (desire)—are not discussed here (na tannirṇaya ucyate). In the pursuit of liberation (mokṣe), there are four teachings (catvāri śāstrāṇi). For worldly existence (laukike), liberation is attained either dependently (parataḥ) on God or independently (svataḥ) through one's own efforts.
dvidhā dve dve svatas tatra sāṃkhya-yogau prakīrtitau । tyāgātyāga-vibhāgena sāṃkhye tyāgaḥ prakīrtitaḥ ।। 6 ।।
Twofold (dvidhā dve dve), in that context (svatas tatra), Samkhya and Yoga (sāṃkhya-yogau) are declared (prakīrtitau) as the paths of liberation. By the distinction of renunciation and non-renunciation (tyāgātyāga-vibhāgena), renunciation (tyāgaḥ) is proclaimed (prakīrtitaḥ) in Samkhya.
अहंताममतनाशे सर्वथा निरहं कृतौ । स्वरूपस्थो यदा जीवः कृतार्थः स निगद्यते ।। ७ ।।
When egoism (ahantā) and possessiveness (mamatā) are destroyed (nāśe), and in every way (sarvathā) one becomes selfless (nirahaṃ kṛtau), then when the individual soul (jīvaḥ) is established in its true nature (svarūpastho), it is said to be accomplished (kṛtārthaḥ sa nigadyate).
For that purpose (tadarthaṃ), some methods (prakriyā kācit) are also described (nirūpitā) in the Puranas (purāṇe'pi).
The sages (ṛṣibhir) have spoken (proktā) of them in many ways (bahudhā), but the result (phalam) is one (ekam), and it is internal (abāhyataḥ).
atyāge yogamārgo hi tyāgo'pi manasaiva hi । yamādayastu kartavyāḥ siddhe yoge kṛtārthatā ।। 9 ।।
अत्यागे योगमार्गो हि त्यागोऽपि मनसैव हि । यमादयस्तु कर्तव्याः सिद्धे योगे कृतार्थता ।। ९ ।।
atyāgeyogamārgo hi tyāgo'pi manasaiva hi । yamādayastu kartavyāḥ siddheyoge kṛtārthatā ।। 9 ।।
अत्यागे योगमार्गो हि त्यागोऽपि मनसैव हि । यमादयस्तु कर्तव्याः सिद्धे योगे कृतार्थता ।। ९ ।।
In the absence of external renunciation (atyāge), the path of Yoga (yogamārgaḥ) indeed (hi) emphasizes inner renunciation (tyāgaḥ), which is performed solely by the mind (manasaiva hi). The Yamas (yamādayaḥ) and other limbs of Yoga (tu kartavyāḥ) must be practiced. Accomplishment (siddhe) in Yoga leads to the fulfillment of purpose (kṛtārthatā).
Liberation (mokṣaḥ) through reliance on another (parāśrayeṇa) is also described in two ways (dvidhā so'pi nirūpyate).
Brahmā (brahmā), having attained the state of a Brahmin (brāhmaṇatāṃ yātas), is worshipped (susevyate) in that form (tadrūpeṇa).
te sarvārthā na cādyena śāstraṃ kiñcid udīritam । ataḥ śivaśca viṣṇuśca jagato hitakārakau ।। 11 ।।
ते सर्वार्था न चाद्येन शास्त्रं किंचिद् उदीरितम् । अतः शिवश्च विष्णुश्च जगतो हितकारकौ ।। ११ ।।
te sarvārthā na cādyena śāstraṃ kiñcid udīritam । ataḥ śivaśca viṣṇuśca jagato hitakārakau ।। 11 ।।
ते सर्वार्था न चाद्येन शास्त्रं किंचिदुदीरितम् । अतः शिवश्च विष्णुश्च जगतो हितकारकौ ।। ११ ।।
All purposes (te sarvārthā) are not achieved through Brahma (na cādyena), and scripture (śāstraṃ) does not declare anything (kiñcid udīritam) about this. Therefore (ataḥ), Śiva (śivaśca) and Viṣṇu (viṣṇuśca) are considered the benefactors of the world (jagato hitakārakau).
The sustenance and destruction of the entity (vastunaḥ sthiti-saṃhārau) are the functions (kāryoṃ) of the instigators of scriptures (śāstra-pravartakau). Indeed (yasmāt), Brahman (brahmaiva) is declared (uditau) to be of such a nature (tādṛśaṃ) because of its identity as the Self of all (sarvātmakatayā).
निर्दोषपूर्णगुणता तत्तच्छास्त्रे तयोः कृता । भोगमोक्षफले दातुं शक्तौ द्वावपि यद्यपि ।। १३ ।।
The quality of being flawless and replete with virtues (nirdoṣa-pūrṇa-guṇatā) is established (kṛtā) in their respective scriptures (tat-tacchāstre tayoḥ). Although (yadyapi), both (dvāvapi) are capable (śaktau) of granting (dātuṃ) the fruits of enjoyment (bhoga-phale) and liberation (mokṣa-phale).
bhogaḥ śivena mokṣastu viṣṇuneti viniścayaḥ । loke'pi yat prabhurbhukte tan na yacchati karhicit ।। 14 ।।
भोगः शिवेन मोक्षस्तु विष्णुनेति विनिश्चयः । लोकेऽपि यत् प्रभुर्भुक्ते तन् न यच्छति कर्हिचित् ।। १४ ।।
bhogaḥ śivena mokṣastu viṣṇuneti viniścayaḥ । loke'pi yat prabhurbhukte tan na yacchati karhicit ।। 14 ।।
भोगः शिवेन मोक्षस्तु विष्णुनेति विनिश्चयः । लोकेऽपि यत् प्रभुर्भुक्ते तन् न यच्छति कर्हिचित् ।। १४ ।।
Enjoyment (bhogaḥ) is by Śiva (śivena), and liberation (mokṣaḥ) is by Viṣṇu (viṣṇuneti viniścayaḥ). Even in the world (loke'pi), a powerful person (yat prabhur) does not ever (tan na karhicit) give away that which he enjoys (bhukte).
अतिप्रियाय तदपि दीयते क्वचिदेव हि । नियतार्थप्रदानेन तदीयत्वं तदाश्रयः ।। १५ ।।
Even that (atipriyāya tadapi) which one enjoys is given (dīyate kvacideva hi) sometimes only to a very dear one. By the giving of a fixed purpose (niyatārtha-pradānena), those who belong to them and have taken refuge (tadīyatvaṃ tadāśrayaḥ) are rewarded.
Each practice (pratyekaṃ sādhanaṃ caitad) is specific, and this alternative path (dvitīyārthe) requires great effort (mahān śramaḥ). Souls (jīvāḥ), by nature (svabhāvato), are impure (duṣṭā), and constant effort (doṣābhāvāya sarvadā) is necessary for the removal of faults.
श्रवणादिततः प्रेम्णा सर्वं कार्यं हि सिध्यति । मोक्षस्तु सुलभो विष्णोर् भोगश्च शिवतस्तथा ।। १७ ।।
Beginning with hearing (scriptures) (śravaṇādi), all actions (sarvaṃ kāryaṃ) are indeed accomplished (hi sidhyati) when done with love (tataḥ premṇā). Liberation (mokṣaḥ tu) is easily attained from Viṣṇu (sulabho viṣṇoḥ), and similarly (ca tathā), enjoyment (bhogaḥ) from Śiva (śivatāḥ).
समर्पणेनात्मनो हि तदीयत्वं भवेद् ध्रुवम् । अतदीयतया चापि केवलश्चेत् समाश्रितः ।। १८ ।।
By the surrender of the self (samarpaṇena ātmanaḥ hi), belonging to Him (tadīyatvaṃ) is certainly attained (bhaved dhruvam). And even if one has merely taken refuge (atadīyatayā cāpi), without surrender (kevalaḥ), it is still possible (cet) to be under His shelter (samāśritaḥ).
तदाश्रयतदीयत्वबुद्ध्यै किंचित् समाचरेत् । स्वधर्मम् अनुतिष्ठन् वै भारद्वैगुण्यम् अन्यथा । इत्येवं कथितं सर्वं नैतज्ज्ञाने भ्रमः पुनः ।। १९ ।।
Taking refuge in Him (tadāśraya) with the understanding of belonging to Him (tadīyatva-buddhyai), one should practice something (kiṃcit samācaret) of dharma. Indeed (vai), by performing one's own dharma (svadharmam anutiṣṭhan), otherwise (anyathā), the burden (bhāra) of inaction is doubled (dvaiguṇyam).
Thus (iti evam), everything (sarvaṃ) has been explained (kathitam); in this knowledge (etaj-jñāne), there is no confusion again (na bhramaḥ punaḥ).
Thus ends the 'Bāla-bodha' composed by Shri Vallabhacharya.